Słowa kluczowe: cooperation, mobility, sedentarization, Mongolia, self-organization, business, the Torghuts, Nogais, Nogai Steppe, Dagestan, land, transhumance, desertification, migration, urbanization, China, post-nomadism, urbanisation, national minorities, local communities, Inner Asia, education, gentrification, post-soviet transition, urban development, political culture, elites, heritage, Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia, care, ethics, female breadwinners, interiority and exteriority, urban living, rural-urban migration, state, economy, home, pensions, “private housing sector”, communities, reciprocity, marginality, urbanism, suburbanism, cultural landscape, Kizhinga, Buryatia, USSR, Russian Federation, symbolic order, tradition, ideology, culture, identity, capital, power, genealogy, Socialistic brotherhood, symbol, memorials, Ulaanbaatar, Ulan-Ude, Siberia, Huns, placemaking, public past, urban shamanism, urban anthropology, post-socialism, ethnic revival, urban culture, modern music, nomadism, nomad